17th
October 2014
Press statement: For immediate
release
“Criminal defamation must
be outlawed in Uganda”
Human Rights Network for
Journalist-Uganda (HRNJ-Uganda) is deeply saddened by the sentencing
of a Central Broadcasting Services (CBS) radio journalist Ronald
Ssembuusi on this 17th
day of October, 2014 by Kalangala Magistrate’s Court. Ssembuusi has
been ordered to pay a fine of one million shillings (UGX500, 000- to
court and UGX500,000- to the complainant) within one month from today
or serve a jail term of one year. This is after the Grade 1
Magistrate; Kenneth Gimugu convicted Ssembuusi of criminal defamation
on October 3rd
2014 after two years of trial. The sentence comes just a day after
Ssembuusi was discharged from Mengo hospital where he was admitted on
10th
October –the very day he collapsed outside of the HRNJ-Uganda
offices in Kampala due to his ailing health situation.
On 03rd
December 2012, Sembuusi was charged with criminal defamation contrary
to section 179 and 180(1) of the Penal Code Act for reporting a story
on CBS radio on 17th
November 2011 to the effect that the former Kalangala LC 5 chairman
Daniel Kikola was being investigated in connection with the
disappearance of solar panels donated to Kalangala district by the
African Development Bank to pump clean water in the area.
This conviction and sentencing
has hampered Ssembuusi, at only 25 years, in early stages of his
career with a criminal record that may preclude him from practicing
his journalism profession without fear; and is likely to shun
critical reporting. He is humiliated, his image has been polluted a
criminal and his dignity eroded because he raised a news story of
public concern on the mismanagement and misappropriation of public
resources as well as the conduct of leaders of Kalangala district.
HRNJ-Uganda is determined to assist Ssembuusi to overcome this shame
by appealing against this conviction and the sentence. We have very
fertile grounds for appeal, and we believe that the High Court will
overturn this judgment.
HRNJ-Uganda is disturbed that
criminal defamation remains on our law books and continues to be used
to silence critical reporting. It remains a huge obstacle to media
freedom as enshrined in our Constitution; it inhibits the media’s
role as watchdog for the society.
Criminal defamation has received
wide resentment around the world; unfortunately for Uganda’s case,
a panel of five Constitutional Court justices led by Justice Stephen
Kavuma upheld that the offence is “…a safeguard against the
infringement of a person’s reputation.”
The African Commission on Human
and Peoples’ Rights, in November 2010 passed a resolution stating
that: “criminal defamation laws constitute a serious interference
with freedom of expression and impedes on [sic] the role of the media
as a watchdog, preventing journalists and media practitioners to
practice [sic] their profession without fear and in good faith;”
The Commission called upon State parties to repeal criminal
defamation laws because they impede on freedom of speech.
The AU Special Rapoteur on
Freedom Expression and Access to Information, Pansy Tlakula has noted
that: “criminal defamation laws are nearly always used to punish
legitimate criticism of powerful people rather protecting the right
to reputation.” The Pan African Parliament has called upon African
leaders to sign onto the Declaration of Table Mountain, which calls
for the repeal of criminal defamation laws across Africa. In April
2014, the constitutional court of Zimbabwe nullified criminal
defamation stating that: “the offence of criminal defamation
constitutes a disproportionate instrument for achieving the intended
objective of protecting the reputations, rights and freedoms of other
persons. In short, it is not necessary to criminalize defamatory
statements.”
In 2009, the United Kingdom
abolished criminal defamation entirely from their legal system. We
therefore want the following;
In light of the above,
HRNJ-Uganda has decided to make all efforts to have this particular
law expunged from Uganda’s law books.
We call upon the Ugandan
Parliament to repeal this law of criminal defamation because it’s
a claw back to the freedoms as enshrined in the Constitution and
other regional and international treaties to which Uganda is a
party.
We also call upon the Inspector
General of Government (IGG) and the Inspector General of Police
(IGP) to commission investigations into the disappearance of solar
panels in Kalangala district for four consecutive times and bring
the culprits to book. We should remember that on June 11th
2010, the Permanent Secretary Ministry of Water and Environment
wrote to the Clerk, Kalangala Town Council, alluding to lack of
effective management oversight and theft of solar panels in the
district.
In a democratic society
accountability is an essential tool in assessing rule of law.
Ugandans have a collective responsibility to hold their leaders
accountable. An explanation from a public official is the least
expected, however if a leader responds to public inquiries, and
legitimate concerns by instituting criminal prosecution, it
diminishes the rule of law and undermines democracy. The time has
come for this country to do away with criminal defamation, which
public officials have resorted to as a sword to persecute, silence
and ban accountability demands from citizens.
Today, HRNJ-Uganda announces its
resolve to fight the law of criminal defamation and calls on all
stakeholders to join in this fight.
Lets unite in defence of media
freedom and journalist’s rights
ROBERT SSEMPALA,
NATIONAL COORDINATOR.